Almost every third person occurs in the nail fungus in the foot. The disease that bears the name of onychomycosis and causes a beam and the breaking down of the nail plate. Onychomycosis can occur at any age and that require a timely competent treatment under the guidance of an expert.
What is onychomycosis?
Onychomycosis - fungal infection of the nail. The disease can be caused by fungus-the dermatophytes, or with microsporia. Mushrooms have a negative effect on the construction of the base of the nail – keratin and, little by little, to eat, to cause the deformation of the change.
There are the following types of onychomycosis:
- Normotroficheskie. The color change of the nail, the appearance of streaks and spots.
- The hypertrophic. It happens, not only the color change, but it is easy to deformation. Often the nail is deformed with the edges.
- Onicholocheskiy. The nail is destroyed, it weakens and torn.
The fungal infection can cause the deformation of the nail to the free edge, to the sides and in the rear area of the cushion. As the process of the development of the disease affects the entire nail plate.
Causes
Fungus on the nails of the feet appears to be due not only to the reduction of immunity. About 70% of the people infected by a sick man, and often their is a relative. The small scales of skin with stop includes items for the home, and, in contact with healthy tissue in the nails or of the skin, to infect a healthy person.
Most often the infection occurs through:
- Wipes.
- The sponge.
- Towels.
- Mats.
- Shoes.
- Manicure set.
When you visit the beach, sauna, and bathrooms without slippers, there is a high risk of infection with a fungus of the foot. The humidity and temperature of the infection occurs most often.
Particular attention is necessary to be in public places where people walk barefoot. Fungi resistant to both high and low temperatures, and the beach of sand, retain their vitality in a few months.
The minimum wound and abrasion to the foot in contact with infected objects can be a cause of onychomycosis. It is not worth to continue to wear the shoes for other people, even if the external manifestations of the fungus is not detected. They can be carriers of the microflora pathogenic, and when a robust immunity to the disease does not manifest itself.
Signs
The initial phase of the fungus on the legs manifests itself as dryness and flaking. At this time the man could not notice visual changes plates riveted, but suffers from itching and burning sensation in the area of the fingers. Gradually increased sweating, in rare cases, experience blisters and calluses. The gradual introduction of the fungus in the nail begins to change their color, become brittle, and cracked.
The fingernail under the microscope contains a mixture and vacuum. Legs begin to stink, and the symptoms improved.
In the most severe cases, increases the temperature of the body and occurs expressed the pain, that does not normally move. As the nail fungus appears on the legs, and what changes are characteristic for him, depends in large part on the type of power and the immunity of human.
The dermatophytes appear yellow longitudinal stripes, yeast - causes flaking of the nail plate and its yellowing. The molds, the reason why the superficial loss of the nail plate, which can become yellow, brown, blue, or green.
Description of the disease for several types of fungi is different, but the most common symptoms.
He relates:
- The color change in the nail plate.
- Itching and burning of the skin of the fingers of the foot.
- Spots and stripes under the nails.
- The breaking down and destruction of the nail on the sides.
- Redness of the skin around the nails.
- Hyperkeratosis (thickening of the nail).
Starts the disease with the defeat of the nail of a finger or thumb on the legs, and after that occurs the infection of all the dishes. Occurs keratinization of the nail, has compacted and crumbles. Fungal infections usually affect people adults and the elderly, and children are extremely rare.
The treatment takes care of a dermatologist or mycologist. For an accurate diagnosis is not sufficient, visual inspection, and requires the development of a research laboratory. For this, a small part of the nail sent for microscopic examination. When it encounters a mushroom install her look with the help of sowing on fertile ground.
Despite the fact that most of the plates have been bolted in adults is a fungus, there is a lot of disorders with similar symptomatology. Defeat nail fungus can cause similar features, but requires treatment. It is important, or acute purulent inflammation of the hand, which requires surgical treatment.
To treat nail fungus?
Do not hope that the fungus will be alone. The more a person suffers from this disease, the more difficult it will be to the further processing.
The duration of treatment and choice of medication depends on:
- The initial phase of the disease.
- The degree of damage to the nail.
- The clinical form of the disease.
The initial stages of the nail fungus and foot require the local application of drugs, which can be in the form of:
- Solutions.
- Ointments from mushrooms.
- Creams.
- Paints.
Apply to medicines for external use, preferably after keratolytic manage the nail plate.
Before each procedure, the application of a medicine, you need to:
- To make the soap sparkling water foot bath. In a small pan, add a tablespoon of bicarbonate of soda and salt and 50 g of soap. Keep the feet in a solution of approximately 15 minutes.
- Treat the damaged nail. With the help of a special lima the top layer of the nail to corrode, to the best medication has been absorbed.
- Apply the medication. The medication is applied to clean dry toenails and the skin around them.
When you use solutions, ointments and creams and medication is applied 2-3 times a day, lucky 2 times a week. Treatment course sets the doctor depending on the existing damage.
If the nail plate completely amazed, and local preparations do not have a positive impact, advised them to combine with system antifungal.
The drugs have a large inventory of contraindications, and must be assigned by the treating physician. Most of them do not take in pregnancy and lactation, in children and in chronic diseases of the liver and kidneys.
In more severe cases, under-nail fungus may require removal of the nail plate. The procedure can be carried out surgically, and with the help of the keratolytic, which contain salicylic acid and urea.
Removal hit the nail keratolytic patches stands out for its comfort. After the steam cooking of the legs gently with the patch applied to the skin, nail plate and seal a patch. After a few days the patch is removed, cut hit the plate, is applied to one of the drugs anti-fungal. The procedure to perform a couple of times.
During the treatment it is important to avoid the risk of re-infection. For this, all of the shoes is treated with a special disinfectant solution. From the socks, which they wore before starting treatment, it is best to get rid of. Every month pass the reworking of clothes and shoes. If you have to leave this procedure, after a short period of time, the fungus can appear new.
The symptoms and treatment of the fungus completely individual, and at the first sign of this disease, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Only he can make an accurate diagnosis and take the effective medication. Otherwise, the fungus begins to spread to other nails and all their ruin.